Elsevier 2023 SDG mapping
Tips
How to read a Scopus query
The Scopus queries presented in this view correspond to what is known on scopus.com as advanced search queries. Advanced searches allow a query creator to create complex and robust queries using field codes, Boolean operators, or proximity operators. We detail each of these elements below.
Field codes
A typical publication's Scopus record contains a myriad of information about it. To make this information easily usable, this information is structured and parsed apart in different fields, each containing a given type of information. For example, the title field contains a publication's title, and the publication year field informs us about when a given publication was first made public.
Field codes are there to indicate which field(s) we would like to source information from when conducting a given search. To avoid searches becoming overly long, they are usually shortened words such as ABS, which stands for "Abstract". The most commonly-used field codes used by our query-building team are:
- TITLE-ABS-KEY
Searches through the Title, Abstract, and all Keywords - TITLE-ABS
Searches only through the Title and Abstract - AUTHKEY
Searches only through the Author-defined keywords - SRCTITLE
Searches only through the journal or conference proceedings' titles
To conduct a search in a given field, the syntax is always field-code(search-term).
The field codes used can potentially have a deep impact on a search. For example, searching for "Canada" in field AFFILCOUNTRY would return publications where at least one author was affiliated with a Canadian institution, while the same search conducted in field TITLE-ABS-KEY would return articles that concern Canada.
Boolean operators
In most cases, conducting a Scopus search using a single field code or a single term is not sufficient to obtain a robust set of results. To remedy this, Scopus searches make use of boolean operators to allow for the combination of different terms or query parts. The allowed operators are
- OR
At least one of the terms must appear in the specified field, or at least one of the searches must match - AND
Both of the terms must appear in the specified field, or both searches must match - AND NOT
Only the first term must appear in the specified field, or only the first search must match
Boolean operators are applied in the order they were listed above. Therefore, KEY(mouse AND NOT cat OR dog) is interpreted as KEY((mouse) AND NOT (cat OR dog)).
Proximity operators
In some instances, a certain word is deemed relevant to a topic only if it is close to another word in the text, or certain phrasings might space out two related words defining a topic, which we could want to be tolerant to. For example, the sentence "publishing scholarly journals" is relevant to the topic of "scholarly publishing", but searching for "scholarly publishing" alone would not capture an article that used this expression.
Using proximity searches enable building queries that are tolerant to such things. Two proximity search operators are available in Scopus:
- W/n
Both terms must be within n words of each other, but not in any particular order - PRE/n
Both terms must be within n words of each other, in the order they are listed in
For example, the search TITLE-ABS-KEY("journal" W/2 "publishing") would capture the sentence from the example above, but TITLE-ABS-KEY("journal" PRE/2 "publishing") would not, since the words are not in the same order.
Introduction
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) challenge the global community to build a world where no one is left behind.
Since 2018, Elsevier has generated SDG search queries to help researchers and institutions track and demonstrate progress toward the SDG targets. In the past 3 years, these queries, along with the university’s own data and evidence supporting progress and contributions to the particular SDG outside of research-based metrics, are used for the THE Impact Rankings.
Method
For 2023, the SDGs use the exact same search query and ML algorithm as the Elsevier 2022 SDG mappings, with only minor modifications to five SDGs, namely SDG 1, 4, 5, 7 and 14. In these cases, the queries were shortened by removing exclusion lists based on journal identifiers. These exclusion lists often contained thousands of items to filter out content in journals that were not core to the SDGs.
To replicate the effect of these journal exclusions, sets of keywords were used to closely mimic the effects the journal exclusions had on the SDG content, while greatly reducing the overall query size and complexity. By following this approach, we were able to limit the changes to the publications in each SDG by less than 2 percent for most SDGs, while reducing the query size by 50 percent or more.
These shortened queries also have the added benefit of running faster in Scopus, allowing further analysis of the SDG data to be done more easily. Full details of the 2022 methodology are available on Digital Commons Data.
SDG 8 – Decent Work and Economic Growth
Query
Below is the full search query used for SDG 8 – Decent Work and Economic Growth. We’ve broken it down by each query component. Use the + and – buttons to expand or concatenate the different bracket levels.
Subfields of science
In this section, we show how the publication set, captured by the query above, relates to the Science-Metrix classification system.As shown in Figure 1, the publications related to this publication set fall mainly under the subfields of Economics (68,211 publications), Energy (44,369 publications) and Environmental Sciences (40,465 publications). The total share of each subfield included under the publication set are presented upon hovering your cursor over the bars.
Journals
In this section, we show how the publication set, captured by the query above, relates to scholarly journals. Journals are sorted in terms of their total output in the field. The horizontal bars are proportional to the number of publications contributed by the journal to the current publication set. To see the proportion of the total publications in the journal contributing to this publication set or their relevance score, you can hover your cursor over the bars.The articles on this topic are published most frequently in the following journals: Sustainability (Switzerland) (12,373 publications), Journal of Cleaner Production (6,130 publications) and IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (5,002 publications).
Keywords
Elsevier’s Scopus database of scientific literature, was used for the table below. The document types included in the data sets are journal articles, reviews, short surveys and conference papers, covering the period 1996–2022. We refer to these documents collectively as “publications” or “papers”.In order to help better illustrate the content of this set of publications, indicators associated with the keywords most specific to this set (according to a TF-IDF score) are presented below.
Term | Papers with this term in the publication set | Papers with this term in all of Scopus | Relevance (tf-idf) | Percentage of Scopus |
---|---|---|---|---|
the environmental kuznets curve | 1954 | 2137 | 18.920029 | 91 |
environmental kuznets curve (ekc) | 1644 | 1794 | 18.909563 | 92 |
environmental kuznets curve | 3244 | 3587 | 18.876104 | 90 |
environmental kuznets | 3294 | 3652 | 18.868664 | 90 |
job insecurity | 2592 | 2946 | 18.845712 | 88 |
malmquist productivity | 1154 | 1278 | 18.818520 | 90 |
malmquist productivity index | 1043 | 1147 | 18.803778 | 91 |
eco-efficiency | 2999 | 3472 | 18.796754 | 86 |
total factor productivity (tfp) | 2225 | 2604 | 18.795579 | 85 |
agricultural sustainability | 2033 | 2431 | 18.754754 | 84 |
kuznets curve | 3582 | 4178 | 18.754568 | 86 |
occupational injury | 1847 | 2214 | 18.746599 | 83 |
rural tourism | 2415 | 2902 | 18.743195 | 83 |
nature-based tourism | 1060 | 1222 | 18.725909 | 87 |
occupational injuries | 2469 | 3000 | 18.720908 | 82 |
endogenous growth model | 1389 | 1663 | 18.717662 | 84 |
tourism impact | 1110 | 1300 | 18.710323 | 85 |
sustainable tourism development | 1274 | 1522 | 18.706037 | 84 |
environmental kuznets curve (ekc) hypothesis | 666 | 717 | 18.672312 | 93 |
ekc hypothesis | 859 | 984 | 18.671213 | 87 |
economic and environmental impact | 2078 | 2619 | 18.656468 | 79 |
local tourism | 983 | 1166 | 18.654882 | 84 |
sustainable agricultural development | 987 | 1173 | 18.652740 | 84 |
wage inequality | 1886 | 2382 | 18.650664 | 79 |
heritage tourism | 1674 | 2118 | 18.640241 | 79 |
economic and environmental impacts | 1425 | 1790 | 18.635112 | 80 |
sustainable agriculture. | 3119 | 3919 | 18.631928 | 80 |
cultural tourism | 2456 | 3129 | 18.630864 | 78 |
tfp growth | 1063 | 1301 | 18.622073 | 82 |
microfinance institution | 1649 | 2107 | 18.620939 | 78 |
tourism impacts | 778 | 901 | 18.615974 | 86 |
sustainable tourism | 5400 | 6408 | 18.609641 | 84 |
crop water productivity | 564 | 601 | 18.607256 | 94 |
crop insurance | 1047 | 1290 | 18.606435 | 81 |
human capital accumulation | 1369 | 1744 | 18.603768 | 78 |
microfinance institutions | 1469 | 1886 | 18.599817 | 78 |
labour market outcome | 1148 | 1440 | 18.597599 | 80 |
human capital theory | 1046 | 1297 | 18.595067 | 81 |
green economy | 2656 | 3449 | 18.588059 | 77 |
labour market outcomes | 1121 | 1411 | 18.586031 | 79 |
regional economic growth | 1206 | 1535 | 18.582411 | 79 |
soil productivity | 1948 | 2555 | 18.581326 | 76 |
regional economic development | 2859 | 3719 | 18.576581 | 77 |
ecotourism | 5253 | 6370 | 18.574699 | 82 |
environmental externalities | 1146 | 1456 | 18.574650 | 79 |
the human capital | 3007 | 3905 | 18.573042 | 77 |
agritourism | 577 | 634 | 18.569031 | 91 |
sustainable agricultural | 4564 | 5686 | 18.564280 | 80 |
irrigation water productivity | 522 | 558 | 18.560408 | 94 |
ecotour | 5335 | 6498 | 18.560326 | 82 |
low-carbon economy | 2109 | 2800 | 18.558761 | 75 |
wage gap | 2436 | 3229 | 18.555861 | 75 |
credit constraint | 1307 | 1703 | 18.555770 | 77 |
environmental taxes | 836 | 1020 | 18.554064 | 82 |
environmental tax | 1517 | 2002 | 18.553765 | 76 |
informal economy | 2215 | 2950 | 18.551684 | 75 |
green total factor productivity | 483 | 506 | 18.548552 | 95 |
access to credit | 2215 | 2955 | 18.548488 | 75 |
financial education | 1200 | 1558 | 18.546201 | 77 |
local economic development | 2102 | 2811 | 18.545203 | 75 |
coastal tourism | 733 | 874 | 18.543246 | 84 |
occupational safety and health (osh) | 604 | 685 | 18.540038 | 88 |
sustainable agricultural practice | 909 | 1138 | 18.537856 | 80 |
carbon tax | 4001 | 5145 | 18.536302 | 78 |
sustainable agricultural production | 828 | 1020 | 18.534310 | 81 |
wage premium | 1110 | 1437 | 18.534297 | 77 |
credit constraints | 1167 | 1523 | 18.531273 | 77 |
microcredit | 1319 | 1751 | 18.523925 | 75 |
age inequality | 1903 | 2575 | 18.522867 | 74 |
sex trafficking | 1009 | 1297 | 18.522711 | 78 |
the ekc hypothesis | 603 | 692 | 18.519817 | 87 |
farm productivity | 914 | 1160 | 18.516074 | 79 |
human capital investment | 1324 | 1766 | 18.516043 | 75 |
total factor productivity | 6013 | 7332 | 18.513697 | 82 |
labour productivity | 2997 | 4016 | 18.512549 | 75 |
financial knowledge | 1087 | 1422 | 18.511028 | 76 |
kuznets curve hypothesis | 552 | 624 | 18.499895 | 88 |
minimum wages | 1423 | 1927 | 18.499354 | 74 |
young worker | 1428 | 1935 | 18.498663 | 74 |
ecological economic | 1652 | 2258 | 18.497634 | 73 |
young workers | 1330 | 1794 | 18.496691 | 74 |
self-employment | 3991 | 5243 | 18.494221 | 76 |
environmental kuznets curve hypothesis | 506 | 558 | 18.492909 | 91 |
impact of tourism | 1021 | 1341 | 18.488378 | 76 |
returns to education | 1159 | 1549 | 18.487784 | 75 |
school-to-work | 779 | 974 | 18.486976 | 80 |
tourism growth | 670 | 808 | 18.486469 | 83 |
national institute for occupational safety and health | 1945 | 2692 | 18.481136 | 72 |
decent work | 1164 | 1563 | 18.480400 | 74 |
financial literacy | 2898 | 3965 | 18.476988 | 73 |
gender wage gap | 1063 | 1414 | 18.476424 | 75 |
wildlife tourism | 563 | 650 | 18.475770 | 87 |
human capital development | 1223 | 1656 | 18.475401 | 74 |
environmental economic | 2100 | 2918 | 18.473304 | 72 |
eco-tourism | 876 | 1131 | 18.473213 | 77 |
informal employment | 784 | 990 | 18.472619 | 79 |
sustainable agricultural practices | 804 | 1021 | 18.472219 | 79 |
wage differential | 1820 | 2531 | 18.470925 | 72 |
microfinance | 3807 | 5098 | 18.467617 | 75 |
firm productivity | 956 | 1259 | 18.465709 | 76 |
human capital approach | 569 | 665 | 18.461243 | 86 |
tourism education | 695 | 861 | 18.457334 | 81 |
employment protection | 1114 | 1511 | 18.453201 | 74 |
pay gap | 1075 | 1452 | 18.452364 | 74 |
impacts of tourism | 759 | 965 | 18.448959 | 79 |
the informal economy | 1144 | 1561 | 18.448446 | 73 |
labour market participation | 744 | 943 | 18.446519 | 79 |
employment growth | 2221 | 3130 | 18.444896 | 71 |
job search | 2999 | 4165 | 18.442915 | 72 |
community-based tourism | 631 | 769 | 18.442269 | 82 |
wage differentials | 1411 | 1972 | 18.441372 | 72 |
productivity shock | 895 | 1183 | 18.439731 | 76 |
economic productivity | 1267 | 1757 | 18.439296 | 72 |
the minimum wage | 1378 | 1926 | 18.438125 | 72 |
regional growth | 1892 | 2686 | 18.433579 | 70 |
ecological economics | 1223 | 1699 | 18.429895 | 72 |
labour market. | 4523 | 6031 | 18.429568 | 75 |
financial inclusion | 2649 | 3739 | 18.428160 | 71 |
cultural sustainability | 2236 | 3179 | 18.427959 | 70 |
total factor productivity growth | 696 | 878 | 18.427705 | 79 |
active labour market | 702 | 888 | 18.426664 | 79 |
construction productivity | 598 | 725 | 18.425692 | 82 |
ecotourism development | 545 | 643 | 18.423822 | 85 |
women entrepreneur | 1631 | 2320 | 18.423713 | 70 |
school-to-work transition | 652 | 811 | 18.423184 | 80 |
workforce participation | 582 | 702 | 18.420941 | 83 |
formal economy | 2305 | 3291 | 18.418278 | 70 |
rapid economic growth | 2621 | 3721 | 18.418193 | 70 |
women entrepreneurs | 1598 | 2280 | 18.416637 | 70 |
national institute for occupational safety and health (niosh) | 1123 | 1557 | 18.416383 | 72 |
access to finance | 1219 | 1706 | 18.416184 | 71 |
carbon taxes | 961 | 1306 | 18.412824 | 74 |
men entrepreneurs | 1600 | 2293 | 18.408636 | 70 |
convergence club | 417 | 451 | 18.408178 | 92 |
fp growth | 1088 | 1512 | 18.405274 | 72 |
human trafficking | 2449 | 3514 | 18.404415 | 70 |
workplace injury | 462 | 522 | 18.401805 | 89 |
minimum wage | 3936 | 5432 | 18.399325 | 72 |
microfinance institutions (mfis) | 635 | 796 | 18.398596 | 80 |
credit access | 730 | 948 | 18.398338 | 77 |
environmental economics | 1586 | 2293 | 18.391924 | 69 |
capital income | 1037 | 1445 | 18.389253 | 72 |
agricultural insurance | 536 | 643 | 18.388163 | 83 |
youth unemployment | 1226 | 1747 | 18.385224 | 70 |
younger workers | 888 | 1210 | 18.385122 | 73 |
labor market outcome | 1641 | 2390 | 18.380906 | 69 |
labor market outcomes | 1616 | 2358 | 18.376469 | 69 |
total factor | 6284 | 8122 | 18.374627 | 77 |
maternal employment | 1035 | 1454 | 18.374587 | 71 |
workplace injuries | 593 | 741 | 18.372132 | 80 |
technology shock | 610 | 771 | 18.366659 | 79 |
finance institutions | 1637 | 2410 | 18.361033 | 68 |
child labor | 1273 | 1850 | 18.356570 | 69 |
school leaving | 639 | 831 | 18.340674 | 77 |
productivity shocks | 701 | 935 | 18.337560 | 75 |
age differentials | 1417 | 2101 | 18.335319 | 67 |
labour market policies | 720 | 968 | 18.334835 | 74 |
convergence clubs | 372 | 403 | 18.330497 | 92 |
low carbon economy | 920 | 1303 | 18.329241 | 71 |
tourism entrepreneur | 445 | 521 | 18.323084 | 85 |
crop productivity | 9332 | 11282 | 18.322961 | 83 |
wage gaps | 534 | 670 | 18.313569 | 80 |
labor productivity | 4363 | 6198 | 18.312610 | 70 |
sustainable economic growth | 1537 | 2325 | 18.307046 | 66 |
labour markets | 4255 | 6099 | 18.302015 | 70 |
labour market policy | 648 | 867 | 18.299746 | 75 |
the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis | 368 | 406 | 18.294908 | 91 |
productivity growth | 5784 | 7915 | 18.290131 | 73 |
gender pay gap | 713 | 984 | 18.287234 | 72 |
labour-market | 659 | 894 | 18.283983 | 74 |
agricultural productivity | 6741 | 8981 | 18.280549 | 75 |
total factor productivity (tfp) growth | 422 | 498 | 18.278420 | 85 |
sustainable development policies | 443 | 533 | 18.277198 | 83 |
wage bargaining | 685 | 945 | 18.272024 | 72 |
job creation | 3593 | 5347 | 18.271972 | 67 |
tourism entrepreneurs | 414 | 487 | 18.271597 | 85 |
sustainable development agenda | 574 | 758 | 18.266238 | 76 |
technology shocks | 476 | 595 | 18.257849 | 80 |
specific human capital | 517 | 665 | 18.256618 | 78 |
sustainable irrigation | 406 | 479 | 18.254746 | 85 |
carbon economy | 3022 | 4625 | 18.252745 | 65 |
child labour | 1038 | 1566 | 18.250909 | 66 |
human traffic | 2465 | 3835 | 18.249545 | 64 |
labour law | 1447 | 2261 | 18.242893 | 64 |
nature tourism | 456 | 567 | 18.241895 | 80 |
labour relations | 1325 | 2068 | 18.234898 | 64 |
malmquist | 2612 | 4081 | 18.234815 | 64 |
labour relation | 1355 | 2119 | 18.234192 | 64 |
economic growth in china | 814 | 1194 | 18.231773 | 68 |
wage growth | 913 | 1368 | 18.230171 | 67 |
income convergence | 434 | 535 | 18.226601 | 81 |
sustainable economic development | 1642 | 2606 | 18.223661 | 63 |
industrial policies | 1090 | 1681 | 18.223125 | 65 |
labor market participation | 534 | 709 | 18.221978 | 75 |
factor productivity | 6510 | 8987 | 18.221824 | 72 |
human capital formation | 678 | 962 | 18.221108 | 70 |
economic development level | 1118 | 1734 | 18.218265 | 64 |
fintech | 2649 | 4191 | 18.208943 | 63 |
workplace hazard | 543 | 731 | 18.207896 | 74 |
occupational segregation | 656 | 931 | 18.207272 | 70 |
sustainable agricultural system | 513 | 679 | 18.206465 | 76 |
commercial sexual exploitation | 364 | 424 | 18.203466 | 86 |
balanced growth path | 406 | 495 | 18.203254 | 82 |
women's employment | 842 | 1264 | 18.203126 | 67 |
growth energy | 1257 | 1990 | 18.202132 | 63 |
oil productivity | 1969 | 3167 | 18.201029 | 62 |
labor right | 663 | 947 | 18.200980 | 70 |
employment quality | 324 | 359 | 18.198746 | 90 |
carbon tax policy | 324 | 359 | 18.198746 | 90 |
local labour market | 695 | 1006 | 18.197636 | 69 |
labor law | 1290 | 2054 | 18.195595 | 63 |
adventure tourism | 394 | 479 | 18.188831 | 82 |
labor rights | 650 | 931 | 18.188236 | 70 |
female employment | 954 | 1477 | 18.185489 | 65 |
productivity and competitiveness | 527 | 714 | 18.182605 | 74 |
industrial policy | 3065 | 4873 | 18.175970 | 63 |
sustainable development of tourism | 380 | 459 | 18.175652 | 83 |
job stability | 435 | 556 | 18.170770 | 78 |
earnings inequality | 599 | 849 | 18.170215 | 71 |
investment in human capital | 625 | 896 | 18.170154 | 70 |
wage difference | 494 | 661 | 18.169132 | 75 |
fair trade | 1631 | 2667 | 18.168712 | 61 |
sustainable development policy | 401 | 499 | 18.163512 | 80 |
school to work | 593 | 844 | 18.158863 | 70 |
labour rights | 624 | 902 | 18.155825 | 69 |
labor-market | 704 | 1049 | 18.154163 | 67 |
technological spillover | 362 | 435 | 18.151649 | 83 |
labour market conditions | 470 | 627 | 18.146956 | 75 |
ecotourist | 372 | 454 | 18.145719 | 82 |
weather derivative | 323 | 371 | 18.141677 | 87 |
earnings gap | 478 | 648 | 18.130537 | 74 |
employment protection legislation | 404 | 515 | 18.130398 | 78 |
long-term economic growth | 546 | 773 | 18.128889 | 71 |
malmquist index | 1028 | 1667 | 18.122902 | 62 |
parental employment | 352 | 426 | 18.121797 | 83 |
labor market condition | 624 | 923 | 18.117891 | 68 |
trade facilitation | 582 | 845 | 18.117791 | 69 |
safe working environment | 525 | 745 | 18.105871 | 70 |
labour market integration | 365 | 456 | 18.096991 | 80 |
standard employment | 473 | 653 | 18.095767 | 72 |
labor market conditions | 602 | 895 | 18.094041 | 67 |
green total factor productivity (gtfp) | 249 | 258 | 18.093244 | 97 |
labour market institution | 448 | 608 | 18.092863 | 74 |
weather derivatives | 303 | 349 | 18.090592 | 87 |
manufacturing productivity | 677 | 1039 | 18.089962 | 65 |
wage distribution | 795 | 1264 | 18.087447 | 63 |
formal employment | 1072 | 1783 | 18.087377 | 60 |
physical and human capital | 395 | 513 | 18.087287 | 77 |
sustainable agriculture | 11404 | 14538 | 18.087135 | 78 |
green economic | 614 | 922 | 18.086180 | 67 |
malmquist productivity index (mpi) | 271 | 296 | 18.084284 | 92 |
active labour market policies | 366 | 462 | 18.082797 | 79 |
occupational health hazard | 523 | 752 | 18.082700 | 70 |
labour market institutions | 436 | 592 | 18.076586 | 74 |
long-run economic growth | 378 | 486 | 18.075210 | 78 |
employment creation | 658 | 1013 | 18.073603 | 65 |
local labor market | 811 | 1306 | 18.072084 | 62 |
modern slavery | 460 | 639 | 18.070643 | 72 |
agriculture productivity | 358 | 452 | 18.067867 | 79 |
human-capital | 376 | 485 | 18.066767 | 78 |
labor markets | 4904 | 7727 | 18.063809 | 63 |
wage differences | 423 | 575 | 18.057179 | 74 |
financial access | 653 | 1014 | 18.056287 | 64 |
endogenous growth | 2825 | 4821 | 18.053243 | 59 |
workplace hazards | 426 | 584 | 18.047982 | 73 |
social and human capital | 287 | 331 | 18.047686 | 87 |
structural capital | 726 | 1167 | 18.038476 | 62 |
trafficking victim | 398 | 535 | 18.038163 | 74 |
microfin | 3860 | 6403 | 18.037827 | 60 |
capital development | 1330 | 2318 | 18.037743 | 57 |
sustainable agricultural systems | 387 | 515 | 18.036536 | 75 |
fatal occupational injuries | 295 | 348 | 18.034532 | 85 |
solow model | 334 | 418 | 18.034327 | 80 |
early school leaving | 305 | 366 | 18.033469 | 83 |
living wage | 471 | 677 | 18.029129 | 70 |
market policies | 1212 | 2109 | 18.028831 | 57 |
credit union | 595 | 918 | 18.028130 | 65 |
youth employment | 619 | 966 | 18.026229 | 64 |
human capital (hc) | 288 | 339 | 18.019691 | 85 |
human capital management | 385 | 517 | 18.019188 | 74 |
wage employment | 542 | 820 | 18.017680 | 66 |
credit unions | 503 | 744 | 18.017547 | 68 |
labor market institution | 430 | 606 | 18.009812 | 71 |
rural tourism development | 296 | 356 | 18.007907 | 83 |
industry productivity | 378 | 508 | 18.006424 | 74 |
the labour market | 9782 | 13525 | 18.005364 | 72 |
labor relation | 1645 | 2942 | 18.005030 | 56 |
labor relations | 1609 | 2880 | 18.002903 | 56 |
regional sustainable development | 854 | 1446 | 18.001946 | 59 |
occupational safety and health | 6542 | 10022 | 18.001911 | 65 |
human capital investments | 394 | 540 | 18.001656 | 73 |
labour standard | 620 | 983 | 18.000829 | 63 |
workers' rights | 439 | 627 | 18.000513 | 70 |
occupational safety and health administration | 1479 | 2645 | 18.000467 | 56 |
perceived job insecurity | 229 | 241 | 17.998976 | 95 |
forced labour | 552 | 851 | 17.995688 | 65 |
high-quality economic development | 341 | 442 | 17.994774 | 77 |
capital income tax | 362 | 482 | 17.993081 | 75 |
labour standards | 598 | 945 | 17.991017 | 63 |
capital approach | 663 | 1076 | 17.989030 | 62 |
ecotourists | 266 | 308 | 17.982569 | 86 |
ecotourism destination | 267 | 310 | 17.981494 | 86 |
safe work practice | 372 | 505 | 17.980633 | 74 |
labor regulation | 376 | 513 | 17.979620 | 73 |
child sexual exploitation | 308 | 385 | 17.978793 | 80 |
labor market institutions | 411 | 582 | 17.975952 | 71 |
labour market reform | 357 | 478 | 17.975398 | 75 |
technical efficiency change | 349 | 463 | 17.974654 | 75 |
wage discrimination | 382 | 527 | 17.972311 | 72 |
entrepreneurship policy | 369 | 502 | 17.972154 | 74 |
labor standard | 650 | 1062 | 17.970234 | 61 |
rapid economic development | 1539 | 2806 | 17.967565 | 55 |
alternative tourism | 314 | 400 | 17.963928 | 79 |
financial technology (fintech) | 344 | 457 | 17.962892 | 75 |
women entrepreneurship | 440 | 646 | 17.958159 | 68 |
labor standards | 618 | 1006 | 17.956091 | 61 |
gross capital formation | 290 | 358 | 17.953345 | 81 |
fairtrade | 315 | 405 | 17.952149 | 78 |
land productivity | 1671 | 3078 | 17.951234 | 54 |
the concept of sustainable development | 1284 | 2345 | 17.950216 | 55 |
returns to schooling | 360 | 492 | 17.949200 | 73 |
technological spillovers | 273 | 328 | 17.947914 | 83 |
micro-credit | 356 | 485 | 17.946811 | 73 |
the labor market | 9592 | 13722 | 17.943342 | 70 |
employment security | 383 | 539 | 17.942971 | 71 |
tourism sustainability | 455 | 683 | 17.941436 | 67 |
labour regulation | 337 | 450 | 17.941190 | 75 |
local labour | 820 | 1430 | 17.940067 | 57 |
concept of sustainable development | 1404 | 2592 | 17.939363 | 54 |
female labour force participation | 391 | 558 | 17.933882 | 70 |
return to education | 342 | 462 | 17.933329 | 74 |
cultural heritage tourism | 284 | 352 | 17.931614 | 81 |
regional labour market | 357 | 492 | 17.930858 | 73 |
flexible working hours | 346 | 471 | 17.929301 | 73 |
occupational safety | 9939 | 14172 | 17.928898 | 70 |
regional development. | 1849 | 3466 | 17.918101 | 53 |
market outcomes | 2933 | 5350 | 17.917333 | 55 |
safe work practices | 343 | 469 | 17.916675 | 73 |
trafficking victims | 329 | 443 | 17.912072 | 74 |
tourism sustainable development | 273 | 336 | 17.911954 | 81 |
quality of human capital | 266 | 323 | 17.911839 | 82 |
fully modified ordinary least square | 558 | 909 | 17.910985 | 61 |
community tourism | 285 | 359 | 17.909995 | 79 |
sustainable economic | 3703 | 6592 | 17.909188 | 56 |
agricultural credit | 465 | 718 | 17.908147 | 65 |
growth accounting | 518 | 828 | 17.907107 | 63 |
formal credit | 489 | 770 | 17.902839 | 64 |
economic development strategies | 413 | 614 | 17.902384 | 67 |
occupational health hazards | 383 | 554 | 17.900255 | 69 |
access to financial services | 357 | 502 | 17.899812 | 71 |
job-search | 321 | 432 | 17.895917 | 74 |
child soldiers | 439 | 670 | 17.895583 | 66 |
the economic growth | 4692 | 8099 | 17.894506 | 58 |
gtfp | 324 | 440 | 17.888560 | 74 |
sustained economic growth | 572 | 953 | 17.885297 | 60 |
labour exploitation | 296 | 387 | 17.882034 | 76 |
economic growth mode | 645 | 1110 | 17.881290 | 58 |
physical capital | 1466 | 2801 | 17.880232 | 52 |
endogenous growth theory | 295 | 386 | 17.878362 | 76 |
market policy | 996 | 1854 | 17.876248 | 54 |
active labour | 757 | 1353 | 17.874174 | 56 |
principles of sustainable development | 681 | 1192 | 17.873356 | 57 |
tourism activities | 1663 | 3206 | 17.867686 | 52 |
labour productivity growth | 275 | 351 | 17.863242 | 78 |
microfinance program | 281 | 364 | 17.857457 | 77 |
inclusive finance | 240 | 286 | 17.856816 | 84 |
non-standard employment | 258 | 320 | 17.856306 | 81 |
skill-bias | 411 | 631 | 17.849083 | 65 |
child soldier | 499 | 818 | 17.848380 | 61 |
cooperative bank | 344 | 493 | 17.846431 | 70 |
occupational safety and health administration (osha) | 766 | 1396 | 17.845048 | 55 |
anti-trafficking | 430 | 673 | 17.844335 | 64 |
labor productivity growth | 296 | 397 | 17.843574 | 75 |
unidirectional causality | 957 | 1807 | 17.843081 | 53 |
female labour force | 424 | 664 | 17.835574 | 64 |
biased technological change | 332 | 472 | 17.835182 | 70 |
long-run growth | 706 | 1276 | 17.832539 | 55 |
economic growth and development | 1168 | 2265 | 17.831870 | 52 |
tourism environment | 496 | 821 | 17.829865 | 60 |
labour force survey | 848 | 1589 | 17.827035 | 53 |
fmols | 741 | 1357 | 17.826463 | 55 |
market outcome | 3005 | 5731 | 17.825793 | 52 |
autoregressive distributed lag (ardl) | 1033 | 1989 | 17.824543 | 52 |
unbanked | 370 | 555 | 17.822541 | 67 |
active labour market policy | 251 | 314 | 17.821728 | 80 |
economic development strategy | 385 | 587 | 17.821458 | 66 |
cooperative banks | 285 | 381 | 17.820755 | 75 |
micro-finance | 288 | 387 | 17.820737 | 74 |
economic growth rate | 1037 | 2008 | 17.815415 | 52 |
equal employment | 643 | 1151 | 17.814971 | 56 |
level of economic development | 1200 | 2358 | 17.812045 | 51 |
climate and energy policy | 252 | 319 | 17.807443 | 79 |
sustainable ecotourism | 196 | 214 | 17.806837 | 92 |
labor market policies | 364 | 548 | 17.806706 | 66 |
flexicurity | 272 | 359 | 17.804884 | 76 |
job destruction | 323 | 463 | 17.804067 | 70 |
china economic growth | 302 | 421 | 17.799662 | 72 |
safe work environment | 295 | 407 | 17.798532 | 72 |
economic development policies | 347 | 515 | 17.798334 | 67 |
credit cooperative | 289 | 395 | 17.797737 | 73 |
agrotourism | 210 | 241 | 17.797462 | 87 |
ecological-economic model | 191 | 207 | 17.793526 | 92 |
supply chain financing | 217 | 255 | 17.791929 | 85 |
intech | 2657 | 5224 | 17.790984 | 51 |
safe workplace | 302 | 424 | 17.788931 | 71 |
transition from school to work | 310 | 441 | 17.787366 | 70 |
female labor force participation | 521 | 899 | 17.786398 | 58 |
school-leaving | 282 | 384 | 17.785296 | 73 |
labour market performance | 248 | 316 | 17.784993 | 78 |
labour laws | 356 | 539 | 17.783988 | 66 |
forced labor | 503 | 862 | 17.780890 | 58 |
victims of human trafficking | 239 | 300 | 17.777117 | 80 |
microfinance industry | 229 | 281 | 17.774911 | 81 |
economic development policy | 412 | 664 | 17.774266 | 62 |
human capital stock | 231 | 285 | 17.774242 | 81 |
exploitation of children | 300 | 424 | 17.774180 | 71 |
labor laws | 455 | 759 | 17.773822 | 60 |
renewable energy consumption | 1316 | 2658 | 17.772787 | 50 |
endogenous growth models | 251 | 325 | 17.770890 | 77 |
ardl bound | 568 | 1014 | 17.769629 | 56 |
environment and sustainable development | 363 | 560 | 17.767243 | 65 |
trade openness | 2006 | 4076 | 17.763822 | 49 |
green economic growth | 200 | 228 | 17.763445 | 88 |
population and economic growth | 418 | 682 | 17.763076 | 61 |
labour force participation | 966 | 1914 | 17.761742 | 50 |
labour legislation | 305 | 438 | 17.761718 | 70 |
economic growth model | 527 | 929 | 17.757137 | 57 |
panel causality | 446 | 747 | 17.756922 | 60 |
development sustainable | 1557 | 3191 | 17.755141 | 49 |
growth hypothesis | 521 | 920 | 17.749125 | 57 |
female labor force | 562 | 1015 | 17.746195 | 55 |
sexual exploitation | 1154 | 2352 | 17.742415 | 49 |
the level of economic development | 699 | 1332 | 17.740775 | 52 |
economic development mode | 455 | 776 | 17.738633 | 59 |
working child | 290 | 413 | 17.738444 | 70 |
working children | 278 | 389 | 17.733965 | 71 |
informal economies | 261 | 354 | 17.732754 | 74 |
female labour | 762 | 1486 | 17.729271 | 51 |
dynamic ordinary least square | 474 | 824 | 17.728978 | 58 |
environmental externality | 237 | 306 | 17.728889 | 77 |
industrial productivity | 370 | 590 | 17.727773 | 63 |
tourism plan | 988 | 2003 | 17.726480 | 49 |
malmquist-luenberger | 242 | 317 | 17.724622 | 76 |
firms' productivity | 204 | 242 | 17.724069 | 84 |
women's entrepreneurship | 232 | 297 | 17.723875 | 78 |
sustainable regional development | 395 | 648 | 17.722385 | 61 |
tourism-led growth | 185 | 207 | 17.718353 | 89 |
indigenous tourism | 209 | 253 | 17.716290 | 83 |
investments in human capital | 271 | 379 | 17.715763 | 72 |
job search process | 219 | 273 | 17.714224 | 80 |
autoregressive distributed lag | 2314 | 4807 | 17.707284 | 48 |
regional labor market | 301 | 446 | 17.705147 | 67 |
us labour market | 227 | 291 | 17.703790 | 78 |
labour market regulation | 284 | 410 | 17.702862 | 69 |
local labour markets | 319 | 487 | 17.699709 | 66 |
wage premiums | 229 | 296 | 17.699028 | 77 |
labour market flexibility | 264 | 369 | 17.696847 | 72 |
sustainable agriculture development | 198 | 235 | 17.696662 | 84 |
provincial panel data | 599 | 1134 | 17.695372 | 53 |
schumpeterian growth | 202 | 243 | 17.695235 | 83 |
credit constrained | 220 | 279 | 17.693159 | 79 |
fully modified ordinary least squares | 352 | 563 | 17.692315 | 63 |
ecoefficiency | 197 | 234 | 17.690959 | 84 |
sexual exploitation of children | 235 | 310 | 17.690541 | 76 |
per capita gdp growth | 202 | 244 | 17.689340 | 83 |
regional development policy | 316 | 484 | 17.688371 | 65 |
freedom of association | 387 | 644 | 17.688246 | 60 |
microcredit program | 219 | 278 | 17.687894 | 79 |
tourism work | 259 | 361 | 17.686389 | 72 |
sustainability tourism | 432 | 749 | 17.685304 | 58 |
labour market position | 223 | 287 | 17.683187 | 78 |
job search behavior | 208 | 257 | 17.682571 | 81 |
equal employment opportunity | 489 | 884 | 17.681622 | 55 |
sustainable development strategy | 626 | 1208 | 17.680838 | 52 |
labour market segmentation | 245 | 333 | 17.680172 | 74 |
child trafficking | 262 | 369 | 17.679765 | 71 |
local labor markets | 411 | 705 | 17.675041 | 58 |
bidirectional causality | 745 | 1495 | 17.674365 | 50 |
innovation policies | 811 | 1651 | 17.674131 | 49 |
financial technology | 800 | 1627 | 17.672137 | 49 |
the self-employed | 654 | 1281 | 17.672109 | 51 |
ecotourism area | 168 | 182 | 17.671618 | 92 |
access to financing | 230 | 304 | 17.670061 | 76 |
development and environment | 1793 | 3849 | 17.668392 | 47 |
community economic development | 291 | 435 | 17.668030 | 67 |
employment equity | 237 | 319 | 17.667910 | 74 |
tourism resource | 952 | 1989 | 17.667068 | 48 |
development policies | 3540 | 7169 | 17.666777 | 49 |
overeducation | 288 | 429 | 17.665942 | 67 |
green tourism | 205 | 254 | 17.665835 | 81 |
china's economic growth | 398 | 679 | 17.665518 | 59 |
european labour market | 248 | 343 | 17.664127 | 72 |
informal credit | 262 | 373 | 17.663759 | 70 |
national minimum wage | 223 | 291 | 17.663060 | 77 |
regional income | 575 | 1100 | 17.661885 | 52 |
sustainable development (sd) | 603 | 1167 | 17.661818 | 52 |
wage penalty | 295 | 447 | 17.657265 | 66 |
labor market dynamics | 237 | 323 | 17.649647 | 73 |
conditional convergence | 514 | 962 | 17.649127 | 53 |
tourism planning | 799 | 1647 | 17.648970 | 49 |
ardl bounds | 413 | 722 | 17.647934 | 57 |
market institutions | 998 | 2120 | 17.647289 | 47 |
economic development in china | 469 | 857 | 17.644158 | 55 |
bounds test | 958 | 2031 | 17.643053 | 47 |
market discrimination | 330 | 531 | 17.641909 | 62 |
growth account | 551 | 1056 | 17.641226 | 52 |
commercial sexual exploitation of children | 168 | 186 | 17.641166 | 90 |
pillars of sustainable development | 235 | 321 | 17.639491 | 73 |
labour market reforms | 235 | 321 | 17.639491 | 73 |
agro-tourism | 186 | 221 | 17.638124 | 84 |
green growth | 889 | 1873 | 17.638084 | 47 |
market flexibility | 446 | 806 | 17.636441 | 55 |
productivity change | 1081 | 2328 | 17.636428 | 46 |
child work | 294 | 451 | 17.636341 | 65 |
social and economic development | 2664 | 5676 | 17.636086 | 47 |
carbon tax rate | 178 | 206 | 17.634342 | 86 |
total factor productivity change | 179 | 208 | 17.633892 | 86 |
credit cooperatives | 227 | 306 | 17.630533 | 74 |
socio-economic development | 5339 | 10249 | 17.626031 | 52 |
informal job | 196 | 243 | 17.625130 | 81 |
digital financial inclusion | 189 | 229 | 17.625012 | 83 |
sustainable development strategies | 432 | 780 | 17.621273 | 55 |
tourism resources | 782 | 1633 | 17.621165 | 48 |
community-based tourism (cbt) | 179 | 210 | 17.620373 | 85 |
eco-efficiency analysis | 182 | 216 | 17.619589 | 84 |
tourism entrepreneurship | 184 | 220 | 17.619225 | 84 |
job searches | 188 | 228 | 17.618841 | 82 |
global malmquist | 210 | 273 | 17.617579 | 77 |
skill-biased technological change | 208 | 269 | 17.616810 | 77 |
luenberger productivity | 225 | 305 | 17.615108 | 74 |
occupational fatalities | 199 | 251 | 17.614040 | 79 |
panel cointegration | 918 | 1970 | 17.613453 | 47 |
sustainable development indicator | 373 | 643 | 17.611762 | 58 |
formal labor market | 215 | 285 | 17.609513 | 75 |
labour supply | 1280 | 2833 | 17.607079 | 45 |
human capital resource | 217 | 290 | 17.605562 | 75 |
tourism potential | 675 | 1386 | 17.604666 | 49 |
german labour market | 201 | 257 | 17.603341 | 78 |
local economic | 3176 | 6748 | 17.602093 | 47 |
tourism stakeholder | 460 | 858 | 17.601859 | 54 |
tourism and economic growth | 178 | 211 | 17.600488 | 84 |
spatial spillover effect | 806 | 1719 | 17.593514 | 47 |
human capital method | 163 | 183 | 17.592080 | 89 |
wage dispersion | 347 | 589 | 17.591905 | 59 |
environmentally sustainable development | 254 | 374 | 17.590208 | 68 |
tourism area | 618 | 1259 | 17.586743 | 49 |
work transition | 902 | 1962 | 17.586503 | 46 |
human capital endowment | 193 | 244 | 17.583408 | 79 |
cross-country growth | 155 | 169 | 17.582654 | 92 |
community-based ecotourism | 167 | 192 | 17.582549 | 87 |
tourism development | 6637 | 12386 | 17.581808 | 54 |
occupational safety and health management | 183 | 224 | 17.580923 | 82 |
crops productivity | 182 | 222 | 17.580797 | 82 |
inequality and growth | 181 | 220 | 17.580697 | 82 |
labor market policy | 267 | 406 | 17.580029 | 66 |
gender division of labor | 208 | 276 | 17.579791 | 75 |
crop water productivity (cwp) | 144 | 149 | 17.579228 | 97 |
ardl bounds test | 369 | 649 | 17.574285 | 57 |
workers’ rights | 266 | 407 | 17.568009 | 65 |
educated workers | 569 | 1151 | 17.566573 | 49 |
microfinance sector | 194 | 249 | 17.566455 | 78 |
minimum wage increase | 261 | 396 | 17.566391 | 66 |
labour market experience | 217 | 298 | 17.566131 | 73 |
precarious employment | 548 | 1099 | 17.565239 | 50 |
regional economic performance | 191 | 243 | 17.565049 | 79 |
capital formation | 1701 | 3868 | 17.564323 | 44 |
sustainable region | 535 | 1068 | 17.562583 | 50 |
female labor | 1017 | 2274 | 17.561391 | 45 |
credit-constrained | 208 | 280 | 17.559056 | 74 |
aggregate productivity | 493 | 965 | 17.557973 | 51 |
us labor market | 256 | 387 | 17.557229 | 66 |
cs-ardl | 228 | 324 | 17.557205 | 70 |
unemployed youth | 240 | 351 | 17.556176 | 68 |
labour market status | 180 | 222 | 17.554918 | 81 |
agricultural productivity growth | 191 | 245 | 17.553369 | 78 |
solow | 1005 | 2257 | 17.551843 | 45 |
market participation | 1616 | 3704 | 17.551079 | 44 |
labor regulations | 214 | 295 | 17.548934 | 73 |
labor market integration | 214 | 295 | 17.548934 | 73 |
sustainable agricultural intensification | 163 | 189 | 17.547075 | 86 |
rural tourism destination | 166 | 195 | 17.546636 | 85 |
regional development policies | 280 | 446 | 17.545285 | 63 |
spatial spillover | 1102 | 2504 | 17.545021 | 44 |
tourism stakeholders | 421 | 791 | 17.544936 | 53 |
regional labour markets | 207 | 281 | 17.542846 | 74 |
luenberger index | 191 | 247 | 17.541784 | 77 |
labor market regulation | 226 | 323 | 17.541702 | 70 |
pay equity | 258 | 396 | 17.540577 | 65 |
ecotourism management | 162 | 188 | 17.539870 | 86 |
women's labor | 451 | 870 | 17.538579 | 52 |
labor market reform | 234 | 342 | 17.537076 | 68 |
tourism activity | 566 | 1167 | 17.533333 | 49 |
wage structure | 442 | 851 | 17.531520 | 52 |
economic development model | 314 | 532 | 17.530828 | 59 |
socio-economic growth | 315 | 535 | 17.529207 | 59 |
employment insecurity | 176 | 218 | 17.527913 | 81 |
sustainable development indicators | 325 | 560 | 17.527562 | 58 |
sustainable socio-economic development | 252 | 386 | 17.525819 | 65 |
labour market entry | 168 | 202 | 17.525576 | 83 |
ethnic tourism | 192 | 252 | 17.525332 | 76 |
socio-economic and environmental impacts | 164 | 194 | 17.525129 | 85 |
augmented mean group | 244 | 368 | 17.523881 | 66 |
mincer | 373 | 681 | 17.522697 | 55 |
tapio decoupling | 207 | 285 | 17.522491 | 73 |
u.s. labor market | 252 | 387 | 17.521997 | 65 |
labor exploitation | 232 | 341 | 17.521952 | 68 |
trafficking survivors | 149 | 165 | 17.521171 | 90 |
sustainable agricultural management | 157 | 181 | 17.518128 | 87 |
the malmquist index | 319 | 549 | 17.517359 | 58 |
bounds testing | 579 | 1213 | 17.516234 | 48 |
market institution | 1046 | 2408 | 17.514952 | 43 |
human capital model | 235 | 351 | 17.508687 | 67 |
self-employed | 2636 | 6009 | 17.508337 | 44 |
and economic growth | 12761 | 20423 | 17.508068 | 62 |
effects of tourism | 374 | 693 | 17.501298 | 54 |
china's economic development | 409 | 783 | 17.500084 | 52 |
labor legislation | 258 | 407 | 17.499982 | 63 |
human capital efficiency | 158 | 186 | 17.495389 | 85 |
internal labor market | 249 | 387 | 17.495203 | 64 |
regional policies | 792 | 1787 | 17.493552 | 44 |
self-employed work | 390 | 738 | 17.492295 | 53 |
spatial durbin model | 610 | 1314 | 17.490200 | 46 |
durbin model | 642 | 1400 | 17.487968 | 46 |
agricultural finance | 186 | 246 | 17.485951 | 76 |
economic growth and employment | 241 | 371 | 17.484161 | 65 |
pooled mean group | 419 | 817 | 17.484048 | 51 |
group lending | 189 | 253 | 17.483190 | 75 |
tourism site | 454 | 909 | 17.482751 | 50 |
tourism-led growth hypothesis | 142 | 156 | 17.482568 | 91 |
on-the-job search | 193 | 262 | 17.481846 | 74 |
labour market transition | 168 | 209 | 17.477858 | 80 |
labour market attachment | 146 | 165 | 17.472397 | 88 |
spanish labour market | 147 | 167 | 17.472192 | 88 |
employment opportunity | 613 | 1337 | 17.471502 | 46 |
victims of trafficking | 213 | 309 | 17.471194 | 69 |
gender wage gaps | 168 | 210 | 17.471172 | 80 |
tourism management | 1181 | 2813 | 17.469739 | 42 |
regional policy | 2018 | 4798 | 17.469616 | 42 |
sustainable development of the region | 343 | 628 | 17.468446 | 55 |
wage effect | 441 | 883 | 17.468365 | 50 |
development of tourism | 1500 | 3600 | 17.467817 | 42 |
school-to-work transitions | 179 | 234 | 17.467501 | 76 |
urban labor market | 217 | 319 | 17.467457 | 68 |
the economic development | 4563 | 9776 | 17.467326 | 47 |
employer-employee data | 432 | 860 | 17.467114 | 50 |
rural economic development | 364 | 683 | 17.466122 | 53 |
total factor productivity index | 154 | 182 | 17.464573 | 85 |
urban sustainable development | 427 | 849 | 17.463119 | 50 |
financial development | 2956 | 6812 | 17.461869 | 43 |
spatial durbin | 660 | 1472 | 17.459936 | 45 |
eco-efficiency assessment | 136 | 147 | 17.459452 | 93 |
tourism project | 365 | 689 | 17.458435 | 53 |
human capital level | 144 | 163 | 17.456048 | 88 |
decent work and economic growth | 165 | 206 | 17.455655 | 80 |
self-employment rate | 160 | 196 | 17.452397 | 82 |
hiring discrimination | 167 | 211 | 17.450478 | 79 |
development policy | 3702 | 8311 | 17.448979 | 45 |
labor market performance | 210 | 307 | 17.448226 | 68 |
low-carbon economic | 314 | 562 | 17.447515 | 56 |
energy policies | 2303 | 5494 | 17.445811 | 42 |
employed workers | 854 | 2003 | 17.445594 | 43 |
flexible labour | 256 | 419 | 17.439635 | 61 |
implementation of sustainable development | 333 | 614 | 17.439442 | 54 |
self-employed worker | 356 | 674 | 17.439244 | 53 |
bounds testing approach | 409 | 814 | 17.439181 | 50 |
per capita gdp | 1279 | 3111 | 17.438665 | 41 |
self-employed workers | 349 | 657 | 17.436200 | 53 |
fair-trade | 182 | 246 | 17.435456 | 74 |
international labour organization | 618 | 1381 | 17.434467 | 45 |
pro-poor tourism | 153 | 184 | 17.433955 | 83 |
tourism destinations | 1541 | 3772 | 17.431920 | 41 |
sustainable consumption and production | 320 | 584 | 17.430075 | 55 |
social and environmental impact | 708 | 1629 | 17.429856 | 43 |
endogenous technological change | 156 | 191 | 17.428342 | 82 |
innovation policy | 1779 | 4352 | 17.427543 | 41 |
club convergence | 277 | 475 | 17.427292 | 58 |
labor market friction | 240 | 384 | 17.424266 | 63 |
green economic development | 147 | 173 | 17.423639 | 85 |
graduate labour market | 146 | 171 | 17.423311 | 85 |
green development | 1213 | 2970 | 17.423224 | 41 |
local economic growth | 285 | 497 | 17.421957 | 57 |
regional convergence | 385 | 759 | 17.421308 | 51 |
yangtze river economic belt | 404 | 810 | 17.421103 | 50 |
skill premium | 288 | 505 | 17.420899 | 57 |
digital financial | 386 | 762 | 17.420637 | 51 |
labor market effects | 254 | 420 | 17.418680 | 60 |
tourism practice | 330 | 615 | 17.417497 | 54 |
the sustainable development goals (sdgs) | 1269 | 3123 | 17.417329 | 41 |
informal firms | 150 | 180 | 17.417192 | 83 |
economic development levels | 240 | 386 | 17.416640 | 62 |
labour market programmes | 158 | 197 | 17.415572 | 80 |
sustainable development in china | 275 | 475 | 17.411360 | 58 |
national economic growth | 357 | 690 | 17.409028 | 52 |
national economic development | 576 | 1287 | 17.409022 | 45 |
carbon taxation | 271 | 466 | 17.407665 | 58 |
capital productivity | 322 | 598 | 17.407441 | 54 |
environmental tax reform | 155 | 192 | 17.405863 | 81 |
formal firms | 175 | 236 | 17.402808 | 74 |
urban lab | 466 | 989 | 17.402533 | 47 |
growth economic | 573 | 1284 | 17.402332 | 45 |
environmental costs | 1737 | 4312 | 17.401998 | 40 |
regional income inequality | 150 | 182 | 17.401950 | 82 |
search and matching | 380 | 755 | 17.401938 | 50 |
dynamic ordinary least squares | 297 | 536 | 17.398345 | 55 |
general human capital | 154 | 191 | 17.397756 | 81 |
neoclassical growth | 526 | 1158 | 17.397130 | 45 |
employment effect | 867 | 2096 | 17.397090 | 41 |
wage setting | 356 | 693 | 17.396366 | 51 |
sustainable development principles | 275 | 480 | 17.395719 | 57 |
occupational injuries and illnesses | 163 | 211 | 17.393466 | 77 |
online labor market | 190 | 272 | 17.392308 | 70 |
social and environmental impacts | 558 | 1251 | 17.391352 | 45 |
ardl approach | 470 | 1008 | 17.389795 | 47 |
pay gaps | 174 | 236 | 17.389453 | 74 |
sustainable development goals (sdgs) | 3354 | 7888 | 17.387894 | 43 |
tax climate | 204 | 306 | 17.386798 | 67 |
self-employed women | 162 | 210 | 17.385616 | 77 |
kuznets | 3847 | 8865 | 17.384210 | 43 |
employee data | 604 | 1385 | 17.383951 | 44 |
goals of sustainable development | 326 | 618 | 17.383854 | 53 |
gender earnings gap | 165 | 217 | 17.382964 | 76 |
wage effects | 325 | 616 | 17.382196 | 53 |
lmdi | 635 | 1473 | 17.382154 | 43 |
tourism operator | 332 | 635 | 17.381548 | 52 |
stirpat model | 343 | 665 | 17.380552 | 52 |
the industrial structure | 958 | 2364 | 17.380531 | 41 |
microinsurance | 163 | 213 | 17.380305 | 77 |
rural development policy | 299 | 549 | 17.376775 | 54 |
economics environment | 361 | 716 | 17.375592 | 50 |
tourism product | 1259 | 3173 | 17.374463 | 40 |
determinants of economic growth | 207 | 316 | 17.373796 | 66 |
tourism business | 814 | 1980 | 17.372762 | 41 |
environmental cost | 2587 | 6349 | 17.370585 | 41 |
the yangtze river economic belt | 363 | 724 | 17.370133 | 50 |
fintech companies | 189 | 274 | 17.369726 | 69 |
coupling coordination | 598 | 1382 | 17.367573 | 43 |
double dividend | 241 | 402 | 17.366290 | 60 |
human and social capital | 436 | 928 | 17.366062 | 47 |
employee right | 216 | 340 | 17.364630 | 64 |
regional inequality | 586 | 1351 | 17.364213 | 43 |
sustainable development of agriculture | 437 | 932 | 17.364010 | 47 |
shared socio-economic pathway | 201 | 304 | 17.362404 | 66 |
low-carbon economic development | 154 | 196 | 17.361983 | 79 |
sustainable development mode | 275 | 491 | 17.361875 | 56 |
financial inclusion index | 136 | 158 | 17.361248 | 86 |
labour market opportunities | 146 | 179 | 17.360476 | 82 |
labor market frictions | 222 | 356 | 17.359766 | 62 |
global sustainable development | 411 | 862 | 17.359487 | 48 |
wage increase | 626 | 1468 | 17.359424 | 43 |
wage level | 582 | 1344 | 17.358999 | 43 |
employment condition | 661 | 1570 | 17.356007 | 42 |
negative environmental externalities | 148 | 184 | 17.354962 | 80 |
labour market dynamics | 163 | 217 | 17.354350 | 75 |
low-wage | 1078 | 2727 | 17.354102 | 40 |
tourism economic | 328 | 636 | 17.353159 | 52 |
labour market situation | 162 | 215 | 17.352817 | 75 |
intec | 2666 | 6582 | 17.352733 | 41 |
economic growth rates | 386 | 796 | 17.352642 | 48 |
environmental kuznets curves | 132 | 151 | 17.350829 | 87 |
technological shock | 156 | 202 | 17.350692 | 77 |
sustainable development concept | 341 | 673 | 17.349718 | 51 |
relative wage | 440 | 949 | 17.349579 | 46 |
non-renewable energy consumption | 262 | 461 | 17.349303 | 57 |
regional development strategies | 210 | 329 | 17.348368 | 64 |
rural tourist | 174 | 243 | 17.348316 | 72 |
labor force survey | 301 | 565 | 17.347851 | 53 |
panel causality test | 244 | 415 | 17.347058 | 59 |
agenda 2030 | 528 | 1201 | 17.345890 | 44 |
women's labor force participation | 199 | 303 | 17.344297 | 66 |
sustainable agriculture practices | 159 | 210 | 17.341642 | 76 |
ilo convention | 206 | 321 | 17.340183 | 64 |
regional economic | 6058 | 12994 | 17.337735 | 47 |
employment conditions | 630 | 1499 | 17.337591 | 42 |
efficiency change | 1063 | 2714 | 17.336269 | 39 |
young unemployed | 167 | 229 | 17.335900 | 73 |
pollution haven | 374 | 771 | 17.335798 | 49 |
niosh | 1616 | 4169 | 17.334930 | 39 |
internal labour market | 187 | 276 | 17.334898 | 68 |
tourism operators | 315 | 608 | 17.334877 | 52 |
low-skill | 1334 | 3446 | 17.333089 | 39 |
fintechs | 180 | 260 | 17.331540 | 69 |
divisia index | 582 | 1367 | 17.331254 | 43 |
global labour market | 164 | 223 | 17.330621 | 74 |
capital endowment | 279 | 513 | 17.327944 | 54 |
cultural finance | 186 | 275 | 17.327715 | 68 |
ergonomic workplace | 136 | 162 | 17.327224 | 84 |
returns to human capital | 154 | 201 | 17.327112 | 77 |
model of economic growth | 266 | 479 | 17.325729 | 56 |
ecotourism destinations | 134 | 158 | 17.325600 | 85 |
employee rights | 205 | 322 | 17.324651 | 64 |
job displacement | 205 | 322 | 17.324651 | 64 |
coupling coordination degree | 463 | 1030 | 17.324563 | 45 |
productivity index | 1583 | 4109 | 17.324460 | 39 |
economic belt | 628 | 1508 | 17.321416 | 42 |
environmental/economic dispatch | 126 | 142 | 17.321240 | 89 |
safe work | 1825 | 4725 | 17.320822 | 39 |
ecological tourism | 224 | 371 | 17.319923 | 60 |
flexible labour market | 157 | 209 | 17.318488 | 75 |
balanced regional development | 208 | 331 | 17.317933 | 63 |
equal employment opportunity commission | 251 | 442 | 17.316902 | 57 |
logarithmic mean divisia index | 455 | 1012 | 17.316795 | 45 |
rural bank | 231 | 390 | 17.316052 | 59 |
financial exclusion | 273 | 501 | 17.315785 | 54 |
environmental taxation | 264 | 477 | 17.315366 | 55 |
tourism attraction | 434 | 953 | 17.314540 | 46 |
female entrepreneurs | 671 | 1639 | 17.314153 | 41 |
the sdgs | 1438 | 3760 | 17.312615 | 38 |
rural banks | 170 | 240 | 17.311673 | 71 |
international labour | 1118 | 2905 | 17.311021 | 38 |
labor force participation | 1496 | 3921 | 17.308100 | 38 |
compensating wage | 179 | 262 | 17.307833 | 68 |
development entrepreneurship | 287 | 542 | 17.307107 | 53 |
youth unemployment rate | 161 | 220 | 17.306260 | 73 |
precarious work | 659 | 1612 | 17.306243 | 41 |
low-skilled | 1030 | 2670 | 17.305786 | 39 |
male entrepreneurs | 700 | 1734 | 17.303204 | 40 |
human capitals | 126 | 144 | 17.302408 | 88 |
regional labor markets | 171 | 244 | 17.302114 | 70 |
dual labour market | 165 | 230 | 17.301665 | 72 |
female entrepreneur | 701 | 1740 | 17.300225 | 40 |
rural economic | 602 | 1452 | 17.299783 | 41 |
temporary employment | 467 | 1058 | 17.299478 | 44 |
labour and employment | 199 | 313 | 17.297777 | 64 |
tourism sites | 326 | 654 | 17.297466 | 50 |
labor market discrimination | 186 | 281 | 17.297068 | 66 |
labour market | 25426 | 34606 | 17.296706 | 73 |
spatial spillover effects | 411 | 898 | 17.295273 | 46 |
collective bargaining | 1745 | 4590 | 17.295093 | 38 |
education for sustainable development | 1185 | 3116 | 17.295053 | 38 |
informal workers | 373 | 789 | 17.294358 | 47 |
ecotourism potential | 127 | 147 | 17.293774 | 86 |
human capital factors | 135 | 164 | 17.292820 | 82 |
health human capital | 150 | 197 | 17.292709 | 76 |
tourism economy | 390 | 839 | 17.292253 | 46 |
tourism sector | 2341 | 6048 | 17.291931 | 39 |
wage equation | 325 | 654 | 17.290897 | 50 |
united nations sustainable development goals | 689 | 1716 | 17.289643 | 40 |
economic sustainable development | 240 | 421 | 17.289224 | 57 |
energy sustainable development | 383 | 821 | 17.288125 | 47 |
2030 agenda | 1143 | 3013 | 17.287757 | 38 |
firm-specific human capital | 151 | 200 | 17.287555 | 76 |
employment effects | 684 | 1704 | 17.287082 | 40 |
gender wage differential | 142 | 180 | 17.286660 | 79 |
human capital inequality | 142 | 180 | 17.286660 | 79 |
sources of economic growth | 178 | 264 | 17.284152 | 67 |
support for tourism | 199 | 316 | 17.284111 | 63 |
mass tourism | 613 | 1499 | 17.283378 | 41 |
prefecture-level cities | 613 | 1500 | 17.282281 | 41 |
male entrepreneur | 732 | 1850 | 17.281884 | 40 |
labor market characteristics | 164 | 231 | 17.281411 | 71 |
tourism policy | 566 | 1363 | 17.280299 | 42 |
agenda for sustainable development | 645 | 1597 | 17.279449 | 40 |
undesirable output | 702 | 1765 | 17.279180 | 40 |
solow growth | 178 | 265 | 17.278815 | 67 |
sustainable development model | 237 | 416 | 17.278793 | 57 |
the coupling coordination | 414 | 917 | 17.277499 | 45 |
tourism enterprise | 471 | 1085 | 17.276743 | 43 |
fully modified ordinary least squares (fmols) | 190 | 295 | 17.276721 | 64 |
luenberger productivity index | 135 | 166 | 17.276341 | 81 |
tourism products | 735 | 1865 | 17.276267 | 39 |
un sustainable development goals | 583 | 1418 | 17.274783 | 41 |
ecotourism industry | 133 | 162 | 17.273658 | 82 |
un sustainable development goal | 648 | 1612 | 17.273114 | 40 |
labor supply | 2300 | 6012 | 17.272872 | 38 |
education and labour market | 131 | 158 | 17.271118 | 83 |
compensating wage differential | 164 | 233 | 17.269374 | 70 |
pollution haven hypothesis | 263 | 490 | 17.267088 | 54 |
gender division of labour | 159 | 222 | 17.264381 | 72 |
job hazard | 156 | 215 | 17.264200 | 73 |
worker rights | 192 | 303 | 17.262530 | 63 |
informal worker | 381 | 829 | 17.262074 | 46 |
wage disparities | 148 | 197 | 17.260969 | 75 |
education for sustainable | 1219 | 3274 | 17.259438 | 37 |
environmental economic dispatch | 117 | 130 | 17.259080 | 90 |
industrial structure upgrading | 227 | 395 | 17.258431 | 57 |
social-economic development | 271 | 516 | 17.255709 | 53 |
capital accumulation | 2866 | 7375 | 17.255700 | 39 |
german labor market | 148 | 198 | 17.253998 | 75 |
decoupling state | 194 | 310 | 17.253580 | 63 |
indicators of sustainable development | 212 | 357 | 17.251872 | 59 |
per capita income growth | 156 | 217 | 17.251359 | 72 |
scale efficiency change | 138 | 176 | 17.249255 | 78 |
ecological footprint | 1795 | 4838 | 17.247898 | 37 |
long-run relationship | 1431 | 3883 | 17.245697 | 37 |
labour organization | 672 | 1711 | 17.245618 | 39 |
relational capital | 572 | 1411 | 17.244909 | 41 |
tourism infrastructure | 338 | 712 | 17.244536 | 47 |
environmental sustainable development | 129 | 157 | 17.242676 | 82 |
small loans | 165 | 240 | 17.242195 | 69 |
equal pay | 414 | 938 | 17.241932 | 44 |
the informal sector | 1211 | 3291 | 17.238175 | 37 |
shared socio-economic pathways | 170 | 253 | 17.237665 | 67 |
sbm model | 391 | 872 | 17.237423 | 45 |
socio-economic scenario | 223 | 390 | 17.237250 | 57 |
wage increases | 441 | 1022 | 17.236979 | 43 |
tourism community | 176 | 268 | 17.236861 | 66 |
human capital index | 135 | 171 | 17.235997 | 79 |
local labor | 943 | 2528 | 17.234835 | 37 |
tourism destination | 2771 | 7246 | 17.233072 | 38 |
socio-economic scenarios | 186 | 294 | 17.232851 | 63 |
tourism practices | 252 | 471 | 17.231823 | 54 |
solow growth model | 163 | 237 | 17.231360 | 69 |
human capital | 30287 | 39395 | 17.231295 | 77 |
human capita | 30292 | 39407 | 17.230796 | 77 |
environmental-economic accounting | 118 | 135 | 17.229522 | 87 |
responsible tourism | 229 | 409 | 17.227201 | 56 |
economic growth (gdp) | 142 | 188 | 17.227128 | 76 |
labour market effects | 148 | 202 | 17.226460 | 73 |
construction labor productivity | 112 | 123 | 17.225680 | 91 |
economic growth. | 14731 | 25486 | 17.224766 | 58 |
sustainable development of society | 292 | 587 | 17.224614 | 50 |
dea-malmquist | 171 | 258 | 17.223779 | 66 |
productivity convergence | 149 | 205 | 17.222035 | 73 |
low-skilled work | 335 | 714 | 17.221322 | 47 |
average wage | 553 | 1374 | 17.220767 | 40 |
search and match | 386 | 867 | 17.219558 | 45 |
tourism enterprises | 411 | 943 | 17.218531 | 44 |
long-run relations | 1448 | 3989 | 17.218315 | 36 |
water productivity | 2014 | 5484 | 17.216324 | 37 |
tourism businesses | 421 | 975 | 17.215749 | 43 |
low-skilled workers | 312 | 649 | 17.215255 | 48 |
tfp change | 122 | 145 | 17.214942 | 84 |
labour market transitions | 132 | 167 | 17.214337 | 79 |
employer-employee | 653 | 1686 | 17.213880 | 39 |
sustainable growth | 2391 | 6423 | 17.213858 | 37 |
child exploitation | 148 | 204 | 17.212896 | 73 |
low-skilled worker | 313 | 654 | 17.210451 | 48 |
capital income taxation | 157 | 226 | 17.209948 | 69 |
economic and social sustainability | 242 | 450 | 17.209763 | 54 |
sdg 8 | 149 | 207 | 17.208656 | 72 |
2030 agenda for sustainable development | 575 | 1452 | 17.208567 | 40 |
panel threshold | 407 | 937 | 17.208300 | 43 |
environmental and economic performance | 396 | 904 | 17.207593 | 44 |
local economic development (led) | 127 | 157 | 17.205060 | 81 |
gender division | 470 | 1132 | 17.204774 | 42 |
microfinance organization | 121 | 144 | 17.204270 | 84 |
labor market flexibility | 152 | 215 | 17.203207 | 71 |
labor market program | 134 | 173 | 17.202426 | 77 |
ardl bounds testing | 207 | 356 | 17.202151 | 58 |
forms of tourism | 337 | 729 | 17.202099 | 46 |
hourly wage | 516 | 1277 | 17.200433 | 40 |
safety and health management | 220 | 392 | 17.199543 | 56 |
unemployment benefit | 760 | 2029 | 17.199127 | 37 |
strategic human capital | 136 | 178 | 17.199047 | 76 |
the 2030 agenda | 770 | 2060 | 17.198694 | 37 |
natural capital | 1274 | 3548 | 17.197104 | 36 |
long-run relation | 1487 | 4146 | 17.196130 | 36 |
coordination degree | 649 | 1693 | 17.194979 | 38 |
islamic microfinance | 155 | 224 | 17.192281 | 69 |
technological progress | 5574 | 13085 | 17.192248 | 43 |
fixed capital formation | 309 | 650 | 17.192248 | 48 |
green and sustainable development | 213 | 375 | 17.191367 | 57 |
earnings differential | 269 | 533 | 17.191257 | 50 |
trafficked women | 124 | 152 | 17.190991 | 82 |
labor market reforms | 163 | 244 | 17.190753 | 67 |
labour demand | 543 | 1369 | 17.190215 | 40 |
microloan | 154 | 222 | 17.189548 | 69 |
aggregate productivity growth | 149 | 210 | 17.188827 | 71 |
farm credit | 149 | 210 | 17.188827 | 71 |
human smuggling | 164 | 247 | 17.187907 | 66 |
sustainable development system | 337 | 736 | 17.187458 | 46 |
secondary industry | 435 | 1036 | 17.187341 | 42 |
rate of economic growth | 374 | 849 | 17.186262 | 44 |
occupational injury rate | 112 | 127 | 17.183300 | 88 |
malmquist total factor productivity | 119 | 142 | 17.182555 | 84 |
tourism worker | 118 | 140 | 17.181003 | 84 |
former child soldiers | 123 | 151 | 17.180306 | 81 |
cross-sectional dependence | 612 | 1595 | 17.178055 | 38 |
gdp growth rate | 641 | 1687 | 17.176552 | 38 |
the sustainable development goals | 3118 | 8262 | 17.175739 | 38 |
sustainable consumption | 1382 | 3901 | 17.174585 | 35 |
equilibrium unemployment | 194 | 328 | 17.172989 | 59 |
gross fixed capital | 267 | 535 | 17.169438 | 50 |
labour market structure | 144 | 201 | 17.168610 | 72 |
wage determination | 345 | 770 | 17.167715 | 45 |
fintech service | 135 | 180 | 17.166265 | 75 |
high-quality development | 857 | 2370 | 17.164980 | 36 |
environmental efficiency | 763 | 2080 | 17.164851 | 37 |
employment and wages | 319 | 693 | 17.162913 | 46 |
informal jobs | 122 | 151 | 17.160594 | 81 |
credit program | 440 | 1070 | 17.159692 | 41 |
urban labour market | 162 | 247 | 17.159417 | 66 |
unemployment benefits | 620 | 1640 | 17.157817 | 38 |
panel cointegration test | 273 | 557 | 17.157661 | 49 |
renewable energy policies | 300 | 638 | 17.157148 | 47 |
school to work transition | 120 | 147 | 17.156582 | 82 |
informal sector | 2000 | 5626 | 17.156455 | 36 |
tourism in protected areas | 134 | 179 | 17.156124 | 75 |
growth regression | 309 | 666 | 17.155391 | 46 |
economic output | 841 | 2334 | 17.155348 | 36 |
labour mobility | 477 | 1190 | 17.155030 | 40 |
women's labour | 251 | 494 | 17.152681 | 51 |
rural credit | 289 | 607 | 17.151963 | 48 |
active labour market programme | 117 | 141 | 17.150847 | 83 |
public employment | 492 | 1241 | 17.150454 | 40 |
dynamic computable general equilibrium | 248 | 486 | 17.150403 | 51 |
female entrepreneurship | 347 | 785 | 17.150233 | 44 |
low-carbon development | 590 | 1553 | 17.149631 | 38 |
scientific and technological progress | 445 | 1094 | 17.147657 | 41 |
fair work act | 108 | 122 | 17.147209 | 89 |
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